Performance characteristic of A cyclone gasifier for power generation.

A new technique of gasifying pulverized biomass fuel based on cyclonic motion concept is being developed for power generation.Sawdust has been used as a fuel for cyclone gasifier reactor to produced producer gases of typically 3 - 5 MJ/m3 . The work of this project involved both theoretical and experimental work to understand the operation as well as the performance and characteristics of a cyclone gasifier. Satu teknik baru untuk mengaskan bahanapi biojisim terhancur berasaskan kepada konsep pergerakan siklon telah dibangunkan untuk tujuam penjanaan kuasa. Habuk kayu telah digunakan sebagai bahanapi untuk reaktor pengas siklon bagi menghasilkan gas-gas terhasil secara tipikalnya 3-5 MJ/m3

Characterization of Catalytic Porous Medium Using Platinum for Micro-combustion Application

In this study, catalytic alumina porous medium has been fabricated by using platinum as an active material for micro-combustion application. Platinum has been deposited onto porous medium surface via wet impregnation method. The porous medium undergoes surface modification process via wash coating method using gamma alumina (γ-Al2O3) solution, before being impregnated with platinum in order to increase the surface area. The surface morphology of porous medium entirely changes from smooth “solid-rock” into rough “sand-like” after the wash coating process. The amount of platinum deposited onto the treated porous medium is 1.66 wt.%. LPG combustion analysis shows that the combustion is successfully occur inside the catalytic porous media with overall efficiency of 71%

Performance of a biomass fuelled micro gas turbine power unit.

Alternative fuels have been considered as a priority in the research field, especially for the renewable energy, due to the issue of fossil fuel depletion. Pengkajian ini merupakan pembangunan dan pencirian sistem penjanaan udara panas skala kecil dengan biojisim, menggunakan turbin gas pembakaran luar berdasarkan sebuah "turbocharger" dan penghembus udara

An Experimental Study of Briquetting Process of Torrefied Rubber Seed Kernel and Palm Oil Shell

Torrefaction process of biomass material is essential in converting them into biofuel with improved calorific value and physical strength.However, the production of torrefied biomass is loose, powdery, and nonuniform. Onemethod of upgrading thismaterial to improve their handling and combustion properties is by densification into briquettes of higher density than the original bulk density of the material. The effects of critical parameters of briquetting process that includes the type of biomass material used for torrefaction and briquetting, densification temperature, and composition of binder for torrefied biomass are studied and characterized. Starch is used as a binder in the study. The results showed that the briquette of torrefied rubber seed kernel (RSK) is better than torrefied palm oil shell (POS) in both calorific value and compressive strength. The best quality of briquettes is yielded from torrefied RSK at the ambient temperature of briquetting process with the composition of 60% water and 5% binder. The maximum compressive load for the briquettes of torrefied RSK is 141N and the calorific value is 16MJ/kg. Based on the economic evaluation analysis, the return of investment (ROI) for the mass production of both RSKand POS briquettes is estimated in 2-year period and the annual profit after payback was approximately 107,428.6 USD

Gasification of lignocellulosic biomass in fluidized beds for renewable energy development: A review

A literature review on gasification of lignocellulosic biomass in various types of fluidized bed gasifiers is presented. The effect of several process parameters such as catalytic bed material, bed temperature and gasifying agent on the performance of the gasifier and quality of the producer gas is discussed. Based on the priorities of researchers, the optimum values of various desired outputs in the gasification process including improved producer gas composition, enhanced LHV, less tar and char content, high gas yield and enhanced carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency have been reported. The characteristics and performance of different fluidized bed gasifiers were assessed and the obtained results from the literature have been extensively reviewed. Survey of literature revealed that several industrial biomass gasification plants using fluidized beds are currently conducting in various countries. However, more research and development of technology should be devoted to this field to enhance the economical feasibility of this process for future exploitations.Fluidized beds Gasification Industrial plants Lignocellulosic biomass Producer gas

Numerical study on dissimilar guide vane design with SCC piston for air and emulsified biofuel mixing improvement

Crude palm oil (CPO) is one of the most potential biofuels that can be applied in the conventional diesel engines, where the chemical properties of CPO are comparable to diesel fuel. However, its higher viscosity and heavier molecules can contributes to several engine problems such as low atomization during injection, carbon deposit formation, injector clogging, low mixing with air and lower combustion efficiency. An emulsification of biofuel and modifications of few engine critical components have been identified to mitigate the issues. This paper presents the effects of dissimilar guide vane design (GVD) in terms of height variation of 0.25R, 0.3R and 0.35R at the intake manifold with shallow depth re-entrance combustion chamber (SCC) piston application to the incylinder air flow characteristics improvement. The simulation results show that the intake manifold with GVD improved the performance of the air flow characteristic particularly swirl, tumble and cross tumble ratios from the intake manifold to the engine. The GVD with the height of 0.3R was found to be the optimum design with respect to the overall improvement of the air flow characteristic. The improvement of the air flow characteristic with the application of GVD and SCC piston in the engine was expected to contribute to a better air fuel mixing, fuel atomization and combustion efficiency of the engine using emulsified biofuel as a source of fuel

Numerical study on dissimilar guide vane design with SCC piston for air and emulsified biofuel mixing improvement

Crude palm oil (CPO) is one of the most potential biofuels that can be applied in the conventional diesel engines, where the chemical properties of CPO are comparable to diesel fuel. However, its higher viscosity and heavier molecules can contributes to several engine problems such as low atomization during injection, carbon deposit formation, injector clogging, low mixing with air and lower combustion efficiency. An emulsification of biofuel and modifications of few engine critical components have been identified to mitigate the issues. This paper presents the effects of dissimilar guide vane design (GVD) in terms of height variation of 0.25R, 0.3R and 0.35R at the intake manifold with shallow depth re-entrance combustion chamber (SCC) piston application to the incylinder air flow characteristics improvement. The simulation results show that the intake manifold with GVD improved the performance of the air flow characteristic particularly swirl, tumble and cross tumble ratios from the intake manifold to the engine. The GVD with the height of 0.3R was found to be the optimum design with respect to the overall improvement of the air flow characteristic. The improvement of the air flow characteristic with the application of GVD and SCC piston in the engine was expected to contribute to a better air fuel mixing, fuel atomization and combustion efficiency of the engine using emulsified biofuel as a source of fuel

Glosari teknologi pembakaran

Buku ini mengandungi beberapa bab iaitu kandungan, prakata, penyelaras, istilah daftar, istilah (bahasa inggeris – bahasa melayu, rujukan dan indeks

Numerical Investigation of Fluid Flow and In-Cylinder Air Flow Characteristics for Higher Viscosity Fuel Applications

Generally, the compression ignition (CI) engine that runs with emulsified biofuel (EB) or higher viscosity fuel experiences inferior performance and a higher emission compared to petro diesel engines. The modification is necessary to standard engine level in order to realize its application. This paper proposes a guide vane design (GVD), which needs to be installed in the intake manifold, is incorporated with shallow depth re-entrance combustion chamber (SCC) pistons. This will organize and develop proper in-cylinder airflow to promote better diffusion, evaporation and combustion processes. The model of GVD and SCC piston was designed using SolidWorks 2017; while ANSYS Fluent version 15 was utilized to run a 3D analysis of the cold flow IC engine. In this research, seven designs of GVD with the number of vanes varied from two to eight vanes (V2–V8) are used. The four-vane model (V4) has shown an excellent turbulent flow as well as swirl, tumble and cross tumble ratios in the fuel-injected region compared to other designs. This is indispensable to break up heavier fuel molecules of EB to mix with the air that will eventually improve engine performance

PERFORMANCE AND CARBON EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS VIA STRATIFIED GASIFIER

ABSTRACT Recent concerns on environment, fuel price and scarcity of its supply have promoted interest in the development of renewable sources as a replacement. This paper aims to show the gasifier experimental finding based on performance and process efficiency. Wood chip was fed in stratified downdraft gasifier with air as gasifying agent. The biomass feeding rate varied from 3 to 4.5 kg/hr with an output of various high heating values (HHV) of producer gas. The study provides a clearer picture of the result obtained from the equivalence ratio (ER) which improvises the gas composition, HHV and carbon conversion efficiency